Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

Tadele Badebo Badacho; Tesfaye Dessu Geleta; Mehuba Demissie Lema; Sintayehu Abera Wondimu; Birtukan Tadesse Wahima

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

Tadele Badebo Badacho

, Tesfaye Dessu Geleta^*

, Mehuba Demissie Lema

, Sintayehu Abera Wondimu

, Birtukan Tadesse Wahima

Published in International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 27 May 2024 Accepted: 15 June 2024 Published: 8 July 2024

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Abstract

Ethiopia is a country that heavily relies on rainfall-aided cultivation which is carried out by small-scale landowners, leaving it very vulnerable to climate change and fluctuation. The primary goal of this research is to investigate how climate change affects maize yield in Wolaita zone of Ethiopia. The authors were employed a linear regression method to evaluate the relationship between climate parameters and maize yield. Sen's slope magnitude estimator and the Mann-Kendal trend test were used to assess the significance of climate change. The outcome demonstrated that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and the length of warm days were considerably higher by 37.5% and 3.7% of days per year, however, cold days and cold spells were significantly decreased. Over the 1981-2021 periods, there was a significant upward pattern in TXx and TNn at an average of 0.033°C and 0.034°C. There was a considerable decline of 2.3% in the simple daily precipitation intensity index and 33% decreased in extremely heavy precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis's findings indicated that growing period precipitation and maize outputs were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Extreme temperature and precipitation were more explained a maize yield than average climate patterns. 12.4%, 14.76%, 13.08%, and 7.95% of maize output variability was attributed by the growing season mean climate conditions, which include precipitation, mean, minimum, and maximum temperature. The variability of maize output was explained by combined impact of precipitation and temperature extremes were 67.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Therefore, livelihood diversification and relevant policy formulation are suggested to adapt inevitable climate change by implementing irrigation and resistant varieties to improve maize yield production.

Published in	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
Page(s)	20-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Agriculture, Climate Change, Correlation, Maize Yield, Regression, Wolaita Zone

References

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Badacho, T. B., Geleta, T. D., Lema, M. D., Wondimu, S. A., Wahima, B. T. (2024). Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 9(2), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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Badacho, T. B.; Geleta, T. D.; Lema, M. D.; Wondimu, S. A.; Wahima, B. T. Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2024, 9(2), 20-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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Badacho TB, Geleta TD, Lema MD, Wondimu SA, Wahima BT. Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2024;9(2):20-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11,
  author = {Tadele Badebo Badacho and Tesfaye Dessu Geleta and Mehuba Demissie Lema and Sintayehu Abera Wondimu and Birtukan Tadesse Wahima},
  title = {Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia
},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {20-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20240902.11},
  abstract = {Ethiopia is a country that heavily relies on rainfall-aided cultivation which is carried out by small-scale landowners, leaving it very vulnerable to climate change and fluctuation. The primary goal of this research is to investigate how climate change affects maize yield in Wolaita zone of Ethiopia. The authors were employed a linear regression method to evaluate the relationship between climate parameters and maize yield. Sen's slope magnitude estimator and the Mann-Kendal trend test were used to assess the significance of climate change. The outcome demonstrated that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and the length of warm days were considerably higher by 37.5% and 3.7% of days per year, however, cold days and cold spells were significantly decreased. Over the 1981-2021 periods, there was a significant upward pattern in TXx and TNn at an average of 0.033°C and 0.034°C. There was a considerable decline of 2.3% in the simple daily precipitation intensity index and 33% decreased in extremely heavy precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis's findings indicated that growing period precipitation and maize outputs were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Extreme temperature and precipitation were more explained a maize yield than average climate patterns. 12.4%, 14.76%, 13.08%, and 7.95% of maize output variability was attributed by the growing season mean climate conditions, which include precipitation, mean, minimum, and maximum temperature. The variability of maize output was explained by combined impact of precipitation and temperature extremes were 67.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Therefore, livelihood diversification and relevant policy formulation are suggested to adapt inevitable climate change by implementing irrigation and resistant varieties to improve maize yield production.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

AU  - Tadele Badebo Badacho
AU  - Tesfaye Dessu Geleta
AU  - Mehuba Demissie Lema
AU  - Sintayehu Abera Wondimu
AU  - Birtukan Tadesse Wahima
Y1  - 2024/07/08
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 20
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
AB  - Ethiopia is a country that heavily relies on rainfall-aided cultivation which is carried out by small-scale landowners, leaving it very vulnerable to climate change and fluctuation. The primary goal of this research is to investigate how climate change affects maize yield in Wolaita zone of Ethiopia. The authors were employed a linear regression method to evaluate the relationship between climate parameters and maize yield. Sen's slope magnitude estimator and the Mann-Kendal trend test were used to assess the significance of climate change. The outcome demonstrated that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and the length of warm days were considerably higher by 37.5% and 3.7% of days per year, however, cold days and cold spells were significantly decreased. Over the 1981-2021 periods, there was a significant upward pattern in TXx and TNn at an average of 0.033°C and 0.034°C. There was a considerable decline of 2.3% in the simple daily precipitation intensity index and 33% decreased in extremely heavy precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis's findings indicated that growing period precipitation and maize outputs were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Extreme temperature and precipitation were more explained a maize yield than average climate patterns. 12.4%, 14.76%, 13.08%, and 7.95% of maize output variability was attributed by the growing season mean climate conditions, which include precipitation, mean, minimum, and maximum temperature. The variability of maize output was explained by combined impact of precipitation and temperature extremes were 67.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Therefore, livelihood diversification and relevant policy formulation are suggested to adapt inevitable climate change by implementing irrigation and resistant varieties to improve maize yield production.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Tadele Badebo Badacho

Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-5181-0149
Tesfaye Dessu Geleta

Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5681-5071
Mehuba Demissie Lema

Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4938-5865
Sintayehu Abera Wondimu

Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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http://orcid.org/0009-0006-8591-2763
Birtukan Tadesse Wahima

Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3530-4536

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Badacho, T. B., Geleta, T. D., Lema, M. D., Wondimu, S. A., Wahima, B. T. (2024). Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 9(2), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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Badacho, T. B.; Geleta, T. D.; Lema, M. D.; Wondimu, S. A.; Wahima, B. T. Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2024, 9(2), 20-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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AMA Style

Badacho TB, Geleta TD, Lema MD, Wondimu SA, Wahima BT. Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2024;9(2):20-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11,
  author = {Tadele Badebo Badacho and Tesfaye Dessu Geleta and Mehuba Demissie Lema and Sintayehu Abera Wondimu and Birtukan Tadesse Wahima},
  title = {Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia
},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {20-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20240902.11},
  abstract = {Ethiopia is a country that heavily relies on rainfall-aided cultivation which is carried out by small-scale landowners, leaving it very vulnerable to climate change and fluctuation. The primary goal of this research is to investigate how climate change affects maize yield in Wolaita zone of Ethiopia. The authors were employed a linear regression method to evaluate the relationship between climate parameters and maize yield. Sen's slope magnitude estimator and the Mann-Kendal trend test were used to assess the significance of climate change. The outcome demonstrated that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and the length of warm days were considerably higher by 37.5% and 3.7% of days per year, however, cold days and cold spells were significantly decreased. Over the 1981-2021 periods, there was a significant upward pattern in TXx and TNn at an average of 0.033°C and 0.034°C. There was a considerable decline of 2.3% in the simple daily precipitation intensity index and 33% decreased in extremely heavy precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis's findings indicated that growing period precipitation and maize outputs were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Extreme temperature and precipitation were more explained a maize yield than average climate patterns. 12.4%, 14.76%, 13.08%, and 7.95% of maize output variability was attributed by the growing season mean climate conditions, which include precipitation, mean, minimum, and maximum temperature. The variability of maize output was explained by combined impact of precipitation and temperature extremes were 67.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Therefore, livelihood diversification and relevant policy formulation are suggested to adapt inevitable climate change by implementing irrigation and resistant varieties to improve maize yield production.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Change Impact on Rain-Fed Maize Yield Cultivated with Small-Scale Landowners in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

AU  - Tadele Badebo Badacho
AU  - Tesfaye Dessu Geleta
AU  - Mehuba Demissie Lema
AU  - Sintayehu Abera Wondimu
AU  - Birtukan Tadesse Wahima
Y1  - 2024/07/08
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 20
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240902.11
AB  - Ethiopia is a country that heavily relies on rainfall-aided cultivation which is carried out by small-scale landowners, leaving it very vulnerable to climate change and fluctuation. The primary goal of this research is to investigate how climate change affects maize yield in Wolaita zone of Ethiopia. The authors were employed a linear regression method to evaluate the relationship between climate parameters and maize yield. Sen's slope magnitude estimator and the Mann-Kendal trend test were used to assess the significance of climate change. The outcome demonstrated that the temperature extreme indices of warm days and the length of warm days were considerably higher by 37.5% and 3.7% of days per year, however, cold days and cold spells were significantly decreased. Over the 1981-2021 periods, there was a significant upward pattern in TXx and TNn at an average of 0.033°C and 0.034°C. There was a considerable decline of 2.3% in the simple daily precipitation intensity index and 33% decreased in extremely heavy precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis's findings indicated that growing period precipitation and maize outputs were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Extreme temperature and precipitation were more explained a maize yield than average climate patterns. 12.4%, 14.76%, 13.08%, and 7.95% of maize output variability was attributed by the growing season mean climate conditions, which include precipitation, mean, minimum, and maximum temperature. The variability of maize output was explained by combined impact of precipitation and temperature extremes were 67.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Therefore, livelihood diversification and relevant policy formulation are suggested to adapt inevitable climate change by implementing irrigation and resistant varieties to improve maize yield production.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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